As any other metal, mercury could occur in the soil in various forms. Organic arsenic compounds are used as pesticides, primarily on cotton plants 11. Plant assisted bioremediation, sometimes referred to as a type of phytoremediation, involves the interaction of. One of the major problems encountered in the textile in dustry is the production of large volumes of highly coloured wastewater. Phytoremediation field studies database for chlorinated. Phytoremediation offers owners and managers of metalcontaminated sites an innovative and costeffective option to address recalcitrant environmental contaminants. Also explore the seminar topics paper on phytoremediation with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year chemical engineering chem or ieee chemical btech, be, mtech students for the year 2015 2016. The international journal of phytoremediation is the first journal devoted to the publication of current laboratory and field research describing the use of plant systems to remediate contaminated environments. The applied chemicals often may form complexes with heavy metals, which have nonbiodegrade abilities. Features, strategies and applications shilpi sharma. Phytoextraction removes metals or organics from soils by accumulating them in the biomass of plants. As an emerging hopeful technology, phytoremediation for using in management and remediation of contaminated soils has its advantages and limitations.
Phytoremediation is a recently developed technology that offers a costeffective solution by using plants, and. Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated paddy soils with. Phytoremediation is a flo urishing field, including initiated field application of phytoremediation o f organic and inorganic wastes and radionuclides globally over the last ten years. Moreover, the management of the plant matter obtained after phytoremediation was troublesome 1,17,18. Phytoremediation of arseniccontaminated soils using arsenic hyperaccumulating ferns. Guptac, zhenli hed, kai wanga, zhiqiang zhua, xingchu yanb, tingqiang lia, xiaoe yanga. The phytoremediation potential of bioenergy crop ricinus. In contrast, phytoremediation, a technique of using plants to reduce or. Plants update the heavy metals through the root and change the soil properties which are helpful in increasing the soil fertility mench et al. Phytoremediation seminar report, ppt, pdf for chemical. The use and effectiveness of phytoremediation to treat. Phytoremediation field studies database for chlorinated solvents, pesticides, explosives, and metals 1. Use of brassica plants in the phytoremediation and.
Finally, a matrix is also provided to allow easy screening of the abstracted references. Study on the mechanisms of phytoremediation ecoterra. Phytoremediation types of phytoremediation notes pdf. Textile wastewater also contains substantial pollution loads which. This text details the plantassisted remediation method, phytoremediation, which involves the interaction of plant roots and associated rhizospheric microorganisms for the remediation of soil and water contaminated with high levels of metals, pesticides, solvents, radionuclides, explosives, nutrients, crude oil, organic compounds and various other contaminants. Examples where phytoremediation has been used successfully include the restoration of abandoned metal mine workings, and sites where polychlorinated biphenyls have been dumped during manufacture and mitigation of ongoing coal mine discharges reducing the impact of contaminants in soils, water, or air. Phytostabilization as a phytoremediation strategy for mitigating water pollutants by the floating. The phytoremediation potential of bioenergy crop ricinus communis. Carbon is the most basic element of living forms and is needed in greater quantities than other elements. Finally, a matrix is provided to allow easy screening of the abstracted references. Soil loss under different landuse options has been reported and minimum loss found when trees and grass were grown together in a silvipastoral system. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be. Contaminants in the environment pose a global problem for wildlife and human health.
Phytoremediation is defined as application of plantcontrolled interactions with groundwater and organic acid and inorganic molecules at contaminated sites to achieve sitespecific remedial goals landmeyer, 2011. Soil heavy metalloid pollution and phytoremediation potential of. Performance of aquatic plant species for phytoremediation of. Phytoremediation is a lucrative technology that uses plants to reduce, remove, immobilize or degrade environmental toxins. This study presents the mechanisms of phytoremediation which uses plants and their characteristics to. Endophytic bacteria can enhance phytoremediation of organic pollutants.
This method could be used to clean up sites with low to moderate levels. Perspectives of phytoremediation using water hyacinth for. Phytoremediation refers to the use of plants to remove pollutants from soil and groundwater or to assist in the degradation of contaminants to a less toxic form. However, it is considered as a slow form of remediation, as plants take time to grow and flourish. Phytoremediation of cadmium using plant species of athyrium wardii. Volume 22, 2020 vol 21, 2019 vol 20, 2018 vol 19, 2017 vol 18, 2016 vol 17, 2015 vol 16, 2014 vol 15, 20 vol 14, 2012 vol, 2010 2011 vol 12, 20092010 vol 11, 2009 vol 10, 2008 vol 9, 2007 vol 8, 2006 vol 7, 2005. Rafati m, khorasani n, moattar f, shirvany a, moraghebi f, hosseinzadeh s 2011 phytoremediation potential of populus alba and morus alba for cadmium, chromuim and nickel absorption from polluted soil.
Phytoremediation and rhizoremediation of organic soil. Present phytoremediation system characteristics that site managers and others might find useful in assessing the potential applicability of phytoremediation to a specific site. This green technology that involved tolerant plants has been utilized to clean up soil and ground water from. The term phytoremediation comes from the ancient greek word phyto meaning plant and the latin word remedium meaning restoring balance. Phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils and water. Phytodegradation, or phytotransformation, is the use of plants to uptake, store and degrade organic pollutants. Phytoremediation as a new treatment method for environmental pollution socially expected to gain all current crises in higher efficiency and lower environmental impact as well as economically feasible. Factors that affect the uptake of heavy metals tangahu et al 2011. There are many ways of improving the efficiency of this process, however. Assisting phytoremediation of heavy metals using chemical.
Phytoremediation is very popular at superfund sites that do not have to be remediated within a short time frame. May 30, 2019 phytoremediation is popular in theory due to its low establishment cost and relative simplicity. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology helping to clean the soil and water bodies from noxious pollutants. Pdf polluted soil and water impact the quality of food and nutrients of. Phytoremediation of heavy metals by trifolium alexandrinum. Phytoremediation may be applied to polluted soil or static water environment.
The soil forms an integral part of our agricultural resource. Phytoremediation is one of the most potent and viable solution for poor farmers through communitybased management. Jan 19, 2014 phytoremediation is a natural green technology, which is ecofriendly for the removal of toxic metals from the polluted environment. Inorganic arsenic compounds are mainly used to preserve wood. Phytoremediation is a costeffective technique through which the cleanup of contaminated soil laced with heavy metals is performed by wild weeds and small herbal plants.
Endophytic bacteria diminish toxicity and evapotranspiration of organic pollutants. Phytoremediation is a green technology with good public perception. Phytoremediation is the natural ability of certain plants to bioaccumulate, degrade, or render harmless contaminants in soils, water, or air. Phytoremediation is a better option for cleanup of metalcontaminated sites.
Woody species in phytoremediation applications for. Phytoremediation of heavy metals from industrial effluent. The textile industries daily discharge millio n litres of untreated effluents in the form of wastewa ter into publi c drains that eventually empty into rivers. A plant has a potential for accumulating, immobilizing, and transforming a low level of persistent contaminants. These molecules can form complexes of low to moderate stability with metals. Sep 12, 2017 phytoremediation phytoremediation definition. Phytoremediation of arseniccontaminated soils using. Phytoremediation, an ecofriendly technology which is both ecologically sound and economically viable is an attractive alternative to the current cleanup methods that are very expensive. In the 1990s, there were several companies working with phytoremediation, including phytotech, phytoworks, and earthcare.
In india, soil erosion is a serious problem ranging from loss of top soil in. Guide to phytoremediation of highway runoff november 2001 2 in appendix d of the storm water management plan and subsequent documents required by the npdes permit and in a revised project planning and design guide the most recent caltrans storm water management documents should be consulted prior to designing any. Performance of aquatic plant species for phytoremediation of arseniccontaminated water shivakshi jasrotia1 arun kansal2 aradhana mehra3 received. Received 23 february 2014 received in revised form 17 june 2014 accepted 18 june 2014. This primer explains the phytoremediation process, discusses the potential advantages and considerations in selecting phytoremediation to clean up brownfields sites, and provides information on additional resources about phytoremediation. Phytoremediation of heavy metals by trifolium alexandrinum hazrat ali, muhammad naseer and muhammad anwar sajad international journal of environmental sciences volume 2 no. Highlights heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem. Phytoremediation can provide a lowcost and sustainable way to improve the economies of developing countries. Definition and origins heavy metals are natural constituents of the earths crust 14 15. Table 1 supplies information on the main problems and advantages that crop up in phytoremediation. In one such study 28, the authors described the diversity of endophytes found in poplar trees growing at a phytoremediation field trial site with toluene as the major groundwater contaminant, with the aim of identifying potential candidates for enhancing phytoremediation of toluene and other btex compounds. Cense, department of environmental sciences and engineering, faculty of sciences and technology, new university of lisbon, caparica, portugal received 23 october 2011.
Sample preparation the plants were transplanted into pots containing 10 liters of mixed urban waste leachate and water mixed. Arsenic arsenic speciation rice phytoremediation pteris vittata abstract arsenic as accumulation in food crops such as rice is of major concern. Other large companies such as chevron and dupont were also developing phytoremediation technologies. Phytoremediation, the use of plants and their associated microbes for environmental cleanup, has gained acceptance in the past 10 years as a costeffective, noninvasive alternative or. The phytoremediation potential of bioenergy crop ricinus communis for ddts and cadmium cocontaminated soil huagang huanga, ning yua. Use of nonhyperaccumulator plant species for the phytoextraction. Phytoremediation is popular in theory due to its low establishment cost and relative simplicity. Types of the method of phytoremediation used depends on the type and amount of pollution, as well as what type of area it is found in. Explore phytoremediation with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. As the table below shows, a number of different phytoremediation technologies wereare being implemented at different superfund sites through the us source. Dec 29, 2011 limitations phytoremediation is limited to the surface area and depth occupied by the roots. Received 23 february 2011 received in revised form 11 july 2011 accepted july 2011 keywords.
Phytoremediation is defined by unep 2012a,b as the use of living green plants for in situ removal. Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of contaminant in the environment. According to sarma 2011, plants suitable for phytoextraction should ideally. It also provides a brief summary of phytoremediation. Phytoremediation, a strategy that uses plants to degrade, stabilize, andor remove soil contaminants, has been extensively investigated.
Phytoremediation of heavy metals from soils springerlink. Develop a format that is accessible to epa and state regulators and others who need to evaluate alternate remedial technologies, as well as to site owners, project. In the environment, arsenic is combined with oxygen, chlorine, and sulfur to form inorganic arsenic compounds. Phytoremediation mechanisms of heavy metal contaminated. Phytoremediation refers to a diverse group of green technologies that use either naturally occurring or genetically engineered plants to decontaminate polluted air, soil, and water. Selecting and using phytoremediation for site cleanup pdf 45 pp, 3 mb, 2001, 542r01006.
The use of plants or plant products to restore or stabilize contaminated sites, collectively known as phytoremediation, takes advantage of the natural abilities of plants to take up. It protects the food chain by decreasing agrochemical residues in food crops. Typical plant species used in research involving phytoextraction are heavy metal. Phytoremediation of textile waste water using potential. Research is in progress to screen plants for hyperaccumulation of heavy metals. Zn is sequestered preferentially in vacuoles of epidermal cells in a soluble form frey et al. Some recommended plants which are commonly used in phytoremediation and their. Oct 17, 2017 application and techniques for phytoremediation introduction. Phytoremediation, being more costeffective and fewer side effects than physical and chemical approaches, has gained increasing popularity in both academic and practical circles. Phytoremediation of dredged material from the san pablo bay. Currently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from. Several methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Phytoremediation phyto means plant is a generic term for the group of technologies that use plants for remediating soils, sludges, sediments and water contaminated with organic and inorganic contaminants. Perspectives of phytoremediation using water hyacinth for removal of heavy metals, organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewater.
Recently, phytoremediation, which is an emerging technology, should be considered for remediation of contaminated sites because of its cost effectiveness, aesthetic advantages and long term applicability 10. Rhizoremediation, a specific type of phytoremediation that involves both plants and their associated rhizosphere microbes, can occur naturally, or can be actuated by deliberately introducing specific microbes. Interest in phytoremediation as a method to solve environmental contamination has been growing rapidly in recent years. The principles, advantages and disadvantages of immobilization, soil washing and phytoremediation techniques. A citizens guide to phytoremediation technologies for.
It designates all vegetation based remediation measures. Application of floating aquatic plants in phytoremediation of. The most positive characteristics are that phytoremediation is a natural and in study on application of phytoremediation technology in management and remediation of contaminated soils. In the present study, an attempt to have a comparative assessment of the efficiency of aquatic weeds like typha latifolia, eichhornia crassipes, salvinia molesta and pistia stratiotes to treat the effluents under laboratory conditions. All journal articles featured in international journal of phytoremediation vol 22 issue 4. This article is published with open access at abstract this study investigates the. Phytoremediation of heavy metalsconcepts and applications. Pdf phytoremediation of heavy metalsconcepts and applications. Phytoremediation is an emerging bioremediation technology that uses the plant to remove contaminants from soil and water. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Phytoremediation as a new treatment method for environmental pollution socially expected to gain all current crises in higher efficiency and lower environmental impact.
This guide provides abstracts of over 100 phytoremediation overviews, field studies and demonstrations, research articles, and internet resources. Artin laleian phytoremediation of dredged material spring 2011 3 in this study i will the method of planting which results in greatest determine survivorship of the four species in san pablo bay dredged material, and determine the extent of accumulation of arsenic, chromium, copper, lead, and nickel. Also reported among the different forms of nitrogen. Environmental protection agency epa, sponsored by the environmental careers organization. Phytoremediation of heavy metals from urban waste leachate by southern cattail typha domingensis 64 2010 and phytoremediation cordova et al. Phytoremediation is a promising technique that is used in removing the heavy metals form the soil ma et al. This technology involves efficient use of aquatic plants to remove, detoxify or immobilize heavy metals. The use and effectiveness of phytoremediation to treat persistent organic pollutants notice this document was prepared by an undergraduate student during an internship with the u. A citizens guide to phytoremediation pdf 2 pp, 886 k, 2012, 542f12016 contact us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem. Advancement in molecular studies will improve efficiency of phytoremediation. Phytoremediation mechanisms of heavy metal contaminated soils.
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